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Information Management and Accountability for Multisectoral Nutrition Implementation in Burkina-Faso
Dieudonne Diasso,
Maimouna Halidou Doudou,
Florence Tonnoir,
Sarah Cruz,
Aly Savadogo
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
130-140
Received:
29 August 2020
Accepted:
16 September 2020
Published:
23 September 2020
Abstract: The successful implementation of multisectoral operational plans in Burkina-Faso depends largely on the involvement and commitment of the technical departments from the key contributing sectors. The objective of this evaluation study is to analyze the capacities of the technical structures at the central level, and Regional Directorates level in the 13 regions of the country in terms of data management and accountability to identify gaps and challenges to the multisectoral process. The new Framework for Nutrition Capacity developed by the United Nations Network for Scaling Up Nutrition was used and adapted. Data collection and analysis consisted of triangulation of information: (1) literature reviews, (2) data collection and analysis from the evaluation guide and questionnaire and (3) observations. Cumulatively more than 20 technical departments, including those at the central and regional levels, did not have appropriate equipment or other means to record and monitor data. Among the thirty technical structures at the central level, only six had a nutrition focal point, and 47.3% (35out of the 74) had one. The existence of diverse kinds of data collected by different departments at all levels was observed, and a strong demand of information and data was expressed particularly at the level of the 13 regions of Burkina Faso. The lack of a functional national system on nutrition monitoring and evaluation to ensure accountability on the multisectoral approach at country level was noted. The needs and gaps identified, at different levels, among the key structures of the ministries involved in the multisectoral process, have made it possible to formulate strategic responses to better support the operationalization of the national nutrition policy.
Abstract: The successful implementation of multisectoral operational plans in Burkina-Faso depends largely on the involvement and commitment of the technical departments from the key contributing sectors. The objective of this evaluation study is to analyze the capacities of the technical structures at the central level, and Regional Directorates level in th...
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Progress on Immunopathogenesis of Hepatic Fibrosis by Schistosome Infections
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
141-148
Received:
10 August 2020
Published:
23 September 2020
Abstract: Schistosomiasis is a widespread zoonosis. It seriously threats human health. Schistosomiasis is caused by schistosomes, which belong to Schistosoma genus, a kind of blood-dwelling fluke worms, mainly living in the venus portal-mesenteric system of human by digenetic intravascular parasite. People who infected by schistosomes may appear the symptoms with abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, and splenomegaly, progressing from egg-granulomas eventually to hepatic fibrosis. This review describes hepatic fibrosis caused by schistosomes, Clonorchis sinensis and Toxoplasma gondii, Capillaria hepatica and hydatid, mainly focused on the hepatic fibrosis caused by S. mansoni and S. japonicum. T helper (Th) cells (Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells) play an important role in the process of anti-schistosomiasis infection and immune regulation. Especially, the balance of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg is closely related to the development of hepatic fibrosis. Th2 and Th17 cells can promote the granuloma formation by the secretion of IL-4 and IL-17 respectively; while Th1 and Treg cells can suppress the granuloma formation. These CD4+ T cell subsets are in complicated cross-talk in schistosomiasis immunity. Hepatic fibrosis caused by these parasites are also the key and difficult points of prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases, with further study about their molecular mechanism will provide us more thinking about parasitic effective prevention and treatment.
Abstract: Schistosomiasis is a widespread zoonosis. It seriously threats human health. Schistosomiasis is caused by schistosomes, which belong to Schistosoma genus, a kind of blood-dwelling fluke worms, mainly living in the venus portal-mesenteric system of human by digenetic intravascular parasite. People who infected by schistosomes may appear the symptoms...
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Obstetric Vesico-vaginal Fistulae: A Documentary Review of Women Managed in Mendefera Zonal Referral and National Fistula Hospital, Eritrea
Dawit Sereke,
Habte Hailemelecot,
Yirgalem Issak,
Dawit Estifanose
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
149-154
Received:
9 July 2020
Accepted:
4 August 2020
Published:
7 October 2020
Abstract: Background: obstetric fistula is a devastating childbirth injury as a result of obstructed labor. It leads to chronic urinary incontinence and, in most cases, significant physical and emotional suffering. Its prevalence is high in Sab-Sahara African and South Asian countries. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and describe the characteristics of women with obstetric Vesico-vaginal fistula. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in all obstetric vesico-vaginal fistula patients. Patient identification performed through review of prerecorded logbook and patient card describing each patient admitted to fistula ward over a period of five years from January 1st 2014 to December 31, 2018. Medical records were reviewed to obtain data on socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, clinical details, and treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA-9. Results: There were 146 women with Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) admitted to the fistula hospital over the study period; of which 144 of them were obstetric fistula. During the study period the total number of health facility deliveries in Eritrea was 217,119 giving an estimated rate of obstetric VVF of 0.7/1000 facility deliveries. The median age, parity, and number of live births was 30, 3, and 2, respectively. One quarter (n=37) of the cases being in the age group of 20years or younger. The highest incidence of VVF (38%) was observed in Primiparous. 75% gave birth in a health facility, 54% of deliveries were by caesarean section, and 80% of babies were stillborn. 77% of repairs were successful. Conclusion: The incidence of fistula in Eritrea is relatively low as compared to other sub-Saharan African countries. In this study, age at fistula development was older than usually found, which might be due to poor access to emergency obstetric care (EmOC) that contributed more to this problem.
Abstract: Background: obstetric fistula is a devastating childbirth injury as a result of obstructed labor. It leads to chronic urinary incontinence and, in most cases, significant physical and emotional suffering. Its prevalence is high in Sab-Sahara African and South Asian countries. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and describe th...
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